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dynamic array
In computer science, a dynamic array, growable array, resizable array, dynamic table, mutable array, or array list is a random access, variable-size list data structure that allows elements to be added or removed. It is supplied with standard libraries in many modern mainstream programming languages.
A dynamic array is not the same thing as a dynamically allocated array, which is an array whose size is fixed when the array is allocated, although a dynamic array may use such a fixed-size array as a back end.〔See, for example, the (source code of java.util.ArrayList class from OpenJDK 6 ).〕
== Bounded-size dynamic arrays and capacity ==
The simplest dynamic array is constructed by allocating a fixed-size array and then dividing it into two parts: the first stores the elements of the dynamic array and the second is reserved, or unused. We can then add or remove elements at the end of the dynamic array in constant time by using the reserved space, until this space is completely consumed. The number of elements used by the dynamic array contents is its ''logical size'' or ''size'', while the size of the underlying array is called the dynamic array's ''capacity'' or ''physical size'', which is the maximum possible size without relocating data.
In applications where the logical size is bounded, the fixed-size data structure suffices. This may be short-sighted, as more space may be needed later. A philosophical programmer may prefer to write the code to make every array capable of resizing from the outset, then return to using fixed-size arrays during program optimization. Resizing the underlying array is an expensive task, typically involving copying the entire contents of the array.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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